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128个英语常用介词固定搭配

英语常用固定搭配128个

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本文目录

初一英语语法大全知识点英语单词有几种形态谁有初一下册的英语语法点大全

初一英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的,但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小,容易被忽视,但这些知识点掌握不熟练,往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习初一英语语法时,要认真、细心,不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。

英语常用固定搭配128个

下面从几个方面,总结出了初一英语语法,如果要复习英语句法的同学,可以参考一下,

一、初一英语语法——词法

1、名词

A)、名词的数

我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下:

一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas

二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes

三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如:baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories

2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways

四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos,但如是辅音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯

五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves

六)单复数相同(不变的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese

七)一般只有复数,没有单数的有:people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks

八)单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员

九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers

十)有的单复数意思不同。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代,次数, chicken鸡肉 chickens小鸡

十一)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如:Is(I’s), Ks(K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs

十二)特殊形式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B)名词的格

当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:

一)单数在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s

二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如:Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节

三)由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如:Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)

2、代词

项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词

人称主格宾格形容词名词性

第一人称单数 I me my mine myself

复数 we us our ours ourselves

第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself

复数 you you your yours yourselves

第三人称单数 she her her hers herself

he him his his himself

it it its its this that itself

复数 they them their theirs these those themselves

3、动词

A)第三人称单数

当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下:

一)一般在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains

二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches, washes, wishes, finishes

三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries

2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys

四)以o结尾加es。如:does, goes

五)特殊的有:are-is, have-has

B)现在分词

当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下:

一)一般在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing

二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having

三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show–showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning

四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying位于

4、形容词的级

我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下:

一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest, shorter–shortest, taller–tallest, longer–longest, nicer- nicest, larger-largest

二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest

三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest

四)特殊情况:(两好多坏,一少老远)

good/well- better best many/much- more most bad/ill– worse worst

little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest

5、数词(基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

二、初一英语语法——句式

1.陈述句

肯定陈述句 a) This is a book.(be动词)

b) He looks very young.(连系动词)

c) I want a sweat like this.(实义动词)

d) I can bring some things to school.(情态动词)

e) There’s a computer on my desk.(There be结构)

否定陈述句 a) These aren’t their books. b) They don’t look nice.

c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can’t find her doll.

e) There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)

2.祈使句

肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let’s learn English!

c) Come in, please.

否定祈使句a) Don’t be late. b) Don’t hurry.

3.疑问句

1)一般疑问句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?

d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?

肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.

否定回答: a) No, he isn’t. b) No, you can’t. c) No, she doesn’t. d) No, they don’t. e) No, she isn’t.

2)选择疑问句 Is the table big or small?回答 It’s big./ It’s small.

3)特殊疑问句

①问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.

②问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.

③问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.

④问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.

How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.

⑤问原因 Why do you want to join the club?

⑥问时间 What’s the time?(=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..

What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.

When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.

⑦问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.

⑧问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.

What’s your favourite color? It’s black.

⑨问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.

Who is the boy in blue? My brother.

Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.

Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?

⑩问东西 What’s this/that(in English)? It’s a pencil case.

What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.

11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.

What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.

What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.

12问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.

13问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.

14问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.

15问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.

16问谓语(动作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.

17问职业(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.

What’s your father? He’s a doctor.

三、初一英语语法——时态

1、一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有:

Be动词:She’s a worker. Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.

情态动词:I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.

行为动词:They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.

Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.

2、现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sb be v-ing sth+其它.

I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? I’m not playing baseball.

Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isn’t writing a letter.

They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They aren’t listening to the pop music.

英语单词一共有16种形态。有一般现在时(do)、一般过去时(did)、一般将来时(will do)、过去将来时(would do)、.现在进行时(doing)、过去进行时(was doing)、将来进行时(will be doing)、过去将来时(would be doing)、现在完成时(have done)、过去完成时(had done)、将来完成时(will have done)、过去将来完成时(would have done)、现在完成进行时(have been doing)、过去完成进行时(had been doing)、将来完成进行时(will have been doing)、过去将来完成时(would have been doing)

主语是句子叙述的主体,可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。

谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。

宾语是动作的对象或承受者,常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。

主语和谓语是英语句子的两大成分,除少数句子(如祈使句和感叹句等)外,一句话必须同时具有主语和谓语所表达的意思才能完整。主语是针对谓语而言的,是一句话的主题,谓语用来说明主语的情况,为主语提供信息。例如:They are working.主语是they(他们),那麽他们在做什麽呢?看来没有谓语are working是不行的。在正常情况下,英语的主语和谓语的位置与汉语一致,也就是说主语在前,谓语紧跟其后。那麽,哪些词语可以做主语,谓语,何时主谓倒置,主语与谓语的一致情况如何,我将一一讲述。1,名词

例如: A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.

The first truck is carrying a few baskets.

The temperature will stay above zero.

The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very carefully.

China does not want to copy the USA’s example.

2,代词

例如: It’s a young forest.

I don’t know if it will grow.

That’s a bit expensive.

You’d better buy a new pair.

I’m afraid we haven’t got any black shoes.

3,数词

例如:One and two is three.

One is not enough for me. I want one more.

One of them is English.

Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck.

Two will be enough.

4,不定式(常以 It’s adj. to do sth.形式出现)

例如: To give is better than to receive=Its better to give.

I found it difficult to get to sleep.

It’s glad to see you again.

It was difficult to see.

But it’s good to swim in summer.

5,IT作主语,有如下情况:

1)指代刚刚提到的事物:What’s this? It’s a bus.(指代what)

2)指代一个你不知道或判断不清性别的人:Who’s knocking the door? It’s me.(指代 who)

Who’s the baby in the picture? It’s my sister.(指代 who)

3)表示时间,天气,距离:

What’s the time? It’s eight o’clock.(时间)

What’s it going to be tomorrow? It’s going to be rainy.(天气)

How far is it? It’s about one kilometre away.(距离)

6. THERE引起的There be句型中,be作谓语,主语位居其后。如:

There are many different kinds of mooncakes.

There will be a strong wind.

二、谓语

谓语有动词构成,依据其在句中繁简程度可把谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语两类。不论何种时态,语态,语气,凡由一个动词(或动词词组)构成的谓语都是简单谓语。例如:

I like walking.(一般现在时主动语态)

I made your birthday cake last night.(一般过去时主动语态)

It is used by travellers and business people all over the world.(一般现在时被动语态)

复合谓语也可分为两种情况:

第一种是由情态动词,助动词+不带to的动词不定式构成的复合谓语:

What does this word mean?

I won’t do it again.

I’ll go and move away the bag of rice with Lin Tao.

You’d better catch a bus.

第二种是由连系动词+表语构成的复合谓语。例如:

You look the same.

We are all here.

The weather gets wamer, and the days get longer.

Keep quite and listen to me.

He looked worried.

We have to be up early in the moming.

Is Bill in?

School Is over. Let’s go home.

My pen is in my bag.

I feel terrible.

I* fell tried all the time.

He seemed rather tired last night.

连系动词和表语在意思上紧密联系,不宜分割;有关动词的种类这方面知识在课本中已有介绍,此处不多说了。

三、主语与谓语的一致

英语句子的主语和谓语的一致性,是英汉两种语言的区别之一。具体说来有如下特征:

1,谓语动词在人称和数上应与主语保持一致。如:

Now the teacher comes into the classroom.

本句属一般现在时,主语the teacher为第三人称单数,因而谓语动词come应加s.

One morming she was working at her desk in the library wher a boy came in.本句属主从复合句,主句用过去进行时,从句为一般过去时;主句中主语she为第三人称单数,所以谓语为 was working.

1)主语含有 and时,如表示一个单一的概念,谓语动词常用单数(特别是当and连接的是两个不可数名词时),否则用复数。如:

One and three is four. And前后均为数字,表示同一个概念,谓语动词应用is.

Tea and milk is my favourite drink.本题中tea and milk指一种饮料,故谓语用is。

Tom and Li Lei are my best friends. Tom和 Li lei是完全不同的两个人,有不同的特征,因而谓语是are。

2)主语为动词不定式时,其谓语常用单数形式。如:

To give is better than to receive.

It was difficult to see.

It’s best to wear cool clothes.

同样,动名词作主语,谓语动词也为单数。初中阶段只学了一句:

It(playing) is much better than having classes.

3)不可数名词作主语,谓语动词视为单数。如:

The best time to come to China is autumn.

The weather in England never gets too hot.

4)在姓的复数前加the表示一家人,谓语动词为复数。如:

What time do the Reads have breakfast?主语是the Reads,表示里得一家人,谓语动词用do….have.

5)表示时间的复数名词作主语,常作整体看待,其谓语动词为单数形式。如:

Two months is quite a long time.

6)“几加几等于几”的算式中,谓语动词常为单数。如:

Twenty and forty is sixty.

主谓

7)某些表示学科的名词作主语,无论其结尾是什麽,谓语动词都视为单数。如:

Maths is my favourite subject.

主谓

8) each以及由some,any,no,every构成的复合代词作主语,谓语动词为单数。如:

There’s something wrong with my ears!

谓主

Everyone is going into class.

主谓

9) what,who which等词做主语,谓语动词形式视意思而定。如:

What is this?(this为单数,用is)

What are these?(these为复数,用are)

Which is your friend?哪一个人是你的朋友?

Which are your friends?哪些人是你的朋友?

10) None作主语,其谓语可以是单数,也可以是复数,此项目并非初中阶段重点,故此不谈。

11) People,Chinese, Japanese作主语,谓语动词为复数。如:

There are four people in my family.

谓主

The chinese people are very friendly.

12) population作主语,指“人口”时,谓语为单数;其前有表示数量的修饰语时,谓语为复数;课本第三册只要求掌握作“人口”讲时谓语的情况:

What’s the population of Germany?

谓主

What was the population of the world in 1950?

谓主

Half of the population of China are women.

修饰语主谓

2,由 either…or或neither…nor连接的两个并列成分作主语,其谓语动词形式与后一个主语保持一致。如:Either Lily or Lucy is going to come.(Lily和Lucy谁去都行。后一个主语Lucy为第三人称单数,谓语用is going to come.)

Either I or he does well in English.我和他的英语都不错。

Neither I nor she likes swimming.我和她都不喜欢游泳。

由these和here引出的含有不只一个主语的句子,其谓语动词形式由最靠近谓语的主语形式决定。如:

These is a pen, two rulers and three books on the desk.

Here are some cups,a glass and some pears on

句子的成分:

构成句子的基本成分叫做句子成分。句子成分可分为主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,同位语。它们可以由单词来担任,也可以由词组,以及句子来担任。

主语

主语是一个句子中所要表达,描述的人或物,是句子的主体。

Iworkhere.

我在这儿工作。

Sheisanewteacher.

她是一个新教师。

Heisinchargeofalimitedcompany.

他主管一家有限公司。

主语可以由名词,代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词,名词化形容词,分词,从句,短语等来担任。

Thebookisonthedesk.

书在桌子上。

Igetanidea.

我有一个主意。

Twoandtwoarefour.

二加二等于四。

Smokingisbadtohealth.

吸烟对身体有害。

Thewoundedhasbeentakentothehospital.

伤员已经送到医院。

Whentobeginisnotknownyet.

什么时间开始还不知道。

WhatIknowisimportant.

我所知道的很重要。

谓语谓语是用来说明主语做了什么动作或处在什么状态。谓语可以由动词来担任,一般放在主语的后面。

Thechildhasbeenbroughtupbyhismother.

这孩子是由他的妈妈带大的。

Wedon'tknowhimverywell.

我们不太了解他。

ShespeaksEnglishfluently.

她英语讲得很流利。

表语表语是用来说明主语的性质,身份,特征和状态。表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语。表语一般放在系动词之后。表语可以由名词,形容词或起名词和形容词作用的词和短语担任。

Thesedesksareyellow.

这些桌子是黄色的。

Iamallright.

我没事。

Wearehappynow.

我们现在很幸福。

It'sover.

时间到了。

Sheisten.

她十岁了。

MyworkisteachingEnglish,

我的工作是教英语。

Thedictionaryisinthebag.

词典在书包里边。

Myquestionishowyouknewhim.

我的问题是你如何认识他的。

宾语

宾语是谓语动作所涉及的对象,它是动作的承受者,宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的成分担任,宾语一般放在谓语动词后面。

Isawacatinthetree.

我看见树上有一只猫。

Iwanttogoshopping.

我想去买东西。

Hesaidhecouldbehere.

他说他会来的。

Wethinkyouareright.

我们认为你是对的。

有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,其中一个宾语多指人,另一个宾语指物,指人的宾语叫做间接宾语,指物的宾语叫做直接宾语,可以带两个宾语的动词有 bring,give,show,send,pass,tell等。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面,如果强调直接宾语可把直接宾语放在间接宾语的前面,但间接宾语前须加"to"。

Myfatherboughtmeabook.

我父亲给我买了一本书。

Givetherubbertome.

把橡皮给我。

PleasegivethelettertoXiaoLi.

请把这封信给小李。

有些及物动词除跟一个宾语外,还需要加上宾语补足语,否则意思不完整,它们一起构成复合宾语,复合宾语中宾语和后面的宾语补足语有一种逻辑上的主谓关系,这也是判断是两个宾语还是复合宾语的依据,宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的词担任。

WeallcallhimLaoWang.

我们都叫他老王。

Pleasecoloritred.

请给它涂上红颜色。

Wefoundthelittlegirlinthehill.

我们在山上找到了小女孩。

定语用于描述名词,代词,短语或从句的性质,特征范围等情况的词叫做定语,定语可以由名词,形容词和起名词和形容词作用的词,短语担任。如果定语是单个词,定语放在被修饰词的前面,如果是词组,定语放在被修饰词的后面。

Thatisabeautifulflower.

那是一朵漂亮的花。

TheTVsetmadeinthatfactoryisverygood.

那个工厂生产的电视机很好。

Thisismybook,notyourbook.

这是我的书,不是你的书。

Therearemorethantwentytreesinour

school.

我们学校里有二十多棵树。

Ihavealotofthingstodo.

我有好多要做的事情。

Ourcountryisadevelopingcountry.

我们的国家是一个发展中的国家。

状语:说明事物发生的时间,地点,原因,目的,结果方式,条件或伴随情况,程度等情况的词叫状语。状语可以由副词,短语以及从句来担任。

文章到此结束,如果本次分享的128个英语常用介词固定搭配和英语介词配对大全的问题解决了您的问题,那么我们由衷的感到高兴!

英语常用介词固定搭配

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